By Naveed Qazi, Sustainability Analyst Photo Source: Wire Science India’s energy transition is not only about reducing carbon emissions, or expanding renewable energy. It is also about whether Indian economy can reconcile three objectives namely sustaining economic growth, strengthening energy security, and meeting high climate commitments. With time, the debate has put India part of a broader Global South dilemma. The country also presents a unique case. Instead of many advanced economies, that embarked on decarbonisation after rapid industrialisation, India is pursuing development and green transitions simultaneously. This dual challenge makes India’s case interestingly complex. The transition will also depend on whether its institutions, markets, technology, and public policy converge in long term. Historian of energy Vaclav Smil has consistently argued societies do not replace one source of energy with another. They rather transform entire eco-systems. He further postulates that ev...